Martyr’s Day also known as Shaheed Diwas, is a sacred occasion in India dedicated to honouring the brave souls who sacrificed their lives for the country’s independence and sovereignty. While India celebrates several Shaheed Diwas to pay tribute to various freedom fighters and leaders, the day of March 23 holds special significance. This is the day when Bhagat Singh, along with Rajguru and Sukhdev, was hanged by the British in 1931. Their sacrifice continues to inspire generations, symbolising courage, patriotism and an unwavering fight against oppression. As we approach Shaheed Diwas 2025, it is important to reflect on the legacy of these great revolutionaries and understand why the day is celebrated in India.
Shaheed Diwas 2025: Date and Observance
In 2025, Shaheed Diwas will be observed on March 23. The date marks the hanging of three fearless revolutionaries Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar, who played a key role in India’s freedom struggle. The day is observed to commemorate their sacrifice and is celebrated across the country, especially in Punjab and Delhi, where tributes and memorial services are held.
History of Martyrs’ Day (March 23)
Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev were members of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), an organisation that aimed to overthrow British rule through revolutionary activities. Their most notable action was the Lahore Conspiracy Case, in which they were accused of murdering British police officer John Saunders in 1928. This was done to avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai, who had succumbed to injuries sustained during a brutal police lathi-charge.
After their arrest, the British government sentenced them to death. Despite widespread protests and appeals for clemency, they were hanged in Lahore Central Jail on March 23, 1931. Their courage to face death without fear made them immortal in the history of India.
Why is March 23 celebrated as Martyrs’ Day?
The significance of March 23, 1931 lies in the hanging of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev in Lahore Central Jail. They were sentenced to death for their role in the Lahore Conspiracy Case, where they conspired and killed British police officer John Saunders during a peaceful demonstration protesting the brutal murder of Lala Lajpat Rai.
Despite public outrage and appeals for mercy, the British government carried out their execution a day earlier than scheduled, fearing unrest. Their martyrdom sparked a nationwide awakening, strengthened India’s freedom movement and inspired countless revolutionaries.
Who were Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev?
Bhagat Singh: Revolutionary Icon
Born on September 28, 1907 in Banga, Punjab, Bhagat Singh is one of India’s most respected freedom fighters. He was a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) and played a key role in the revolutionary movement against British rule.
Despite his young age, Bhagat Singh’s intellectual depth and ideological clarity set him apart. He famously said, “Bombs and pistols do not make revolution. The sword of revolution is sharpened on the sharpness of thought.” His writings and speeches inspire the youth to fight for justice and equality.
Shivaram Rajguru: Fearless Warrior
Shivaram Hari Rajguru was born on August 24, 1908 in Maharashtra. He was known for his exceptional bravery, sharp shooting skills and unflinching determination against British rule. Rajguru was a firm believer in armed resistance and played a key role in the Lahore Conspiracy Case, where revolutionaries avenged the death of Lala Lajpat Rai.
Sukhdev Thapar: The Strategic Mastermind
Born on May 15, 1907 in Ludhiana, Punjab, Sukhdev Thapar played a key role in organising the HSRA and mobilising youth for independence. He was deeply involved in revolutionary activities, strategic planning and spreading nationalist ideas among young Indians. His fearless approach and commitment towards the freedom struggle made him an inseparable part of India’s revolutionary history.
Significance of Martyrs’ Day (March 23)
Martyrs’ Day is not just a day of remembrance; it serves several important purposes:
- To honour the sacrifices of freedom fighters: Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev devoted their lives for India’s independence. Their willingness to embrace martyrdom at such a young age inspires people to stand up for justice and national integrity.
- Spreading patriotic ideals: Bhagat Singh was not just a revolutionary; he was also a thinker who believed in socialism and equality. His writings and ideology encourage the youth to work towards social progress and national development.
- Educating the younger generation: Martyrs’ Day is an occasion to educate young Indians about the sacrifices they made for their freedom. Schools and colleges often organise events highlighting the contributions of these revolutionaries.
- National unity and awareness: Observance of this day reinforces the idea that India’s independence was hard-earned. It reminds citizens to value and protect the rights and freedoms they enjoy today.
How is Martyrs’ Day celebrated in India?
Martyrs’ Day is celebrated with various events and tributes across India. Some of the major ways to honour the memory of these freedom fighters are as follows:
- Tribute at Shaheed Smarak (Martyrs’ Memorial): Special ceremonies are held at the Hussainiwala Border (Punjab), where the three martyrs were cremated, and at their statues in various cities.
- Academic Programs: Schools and colleges organize debates, essay competitions, and discussions on the contributions of Bhagat Singh and his comrades.
- Documentaries and Films: Television channels and streaming platforms often show films and documentaries about Bhagat Singh’s life, such as The Legend of Bhagat Singh and Shaheed.
- Social Initiatives: Several organizations conduct blood donation drives, social work, and awareness campaigns to pay tribute to the martyrs.
Famous Slogans and Quotes of Bhagat Singh
Bhagat Singh’s words still resonate for many generations. Some of his most powerful quotes include:
- ‘मुझे गर्व है कि मैं एक क्रांतिकारी हूं। मैं बेड़ियों में जकड़कर नहीं मरूंगा, क्रांति की ज्वाला बनकर मरूंगा।’
- ‘वो मुझे मार सकते हैं, लेकिन मेरे विचारों को नहीं मार सकते।’
- ‘मैं महत्वाकांक्षा, आशा और आकर्षण से भरपूर हूं। लेकिन जरूरत पड़ने पर मैं सबकुछ त्याग सकता हूं।’
- ‘इंकलाब जिंदाबाद’।
Conclusion
Shaheed Diwas (March 23) is not just a day of mourning, but a day of inspiration. The sacrifice of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev was a defining moment in India’s fight against colonial rule. Their bravery, intelligence and patriotism ignite the spirit of nationalism in Indians.
As we celebrate Shaheed Diwas in 2025, let us reflect on their legacy and commit ourselves to building a stronger, more just India in their honour. Their words, “Inquilab Zindabad” (Long live the revolution), still resonate in the hearts of millions.
Also Read:
- Know About Pulwama Attack 2019: The Black Day of India
- Martyrs Day 2025: Date, History and Significance
