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News Highlights provides you with the best compilation of the Daily News Highlights taking place across the globe: National, International, Sports, Science and Technology, Banking, Economy, Agreement, Appointments, Ranks, and Report and General Studies
1.
The competitive disruptions of Parliament by both the Opposition and, more surprisingly, the Treasury benches, made the recently-concluded winter session of the legislature a travesty. There were more adjournments than discussions, hardly any work was done and the session was adjourned with the widespread sentiment that we had let down the people of India. A new nadir was plumbed when duelling demonstrations by Members of Parliament (MP) on the steps of the House led to accusations of assault and injury on both sides. For many of us who were brought up to regard Parliament as the temple of our democracy, its precincts as hallowed and its procedures and conventions as sacred, this seems a betrayal of everything the institution is supposed to represent as a cornerstone of our democracy.
2.
The attainment of low fertility in the course of fertility transition is hardly reversible by intervention, but in the natural course of events, there might be a minor reversal as suggested by experience worldwide. The course of fertility decline in India's States does show signs of a convergence across space and characteristics but a population momentum keeps the demographic divide wider between regions. Given this circumstance, population counts between provinces may not be the appropriate criterion to have political representation that will defy the federal structure of our nation. Encouraging women to have more children may be easier said than done. In the current circumstances, a woman's personal loss in engaging in reproduction is much greater than imagined given the state's approach in facilitating the same.
3.
Youth-led climate litigation is revolutionising the global response to the climate crisis. By holding governments and corporations accountable, young people frame climate inaction as a human rights violation. They argue that the disproportionate impacts on younger generations demand bold, systemic solutions. This litigation emphasises the urgent need for climate action, pushing for transformative change to address the escalating emergency. A landmark moment in youth-led climate litigation occurred with the Held v. State of Montana case in the U.S. In a historic decision, the Montana Supreme Court upheld a district court ruling in favour of 16 young plaintiffs who argued that Montana's fossil fuel policies violated their constitutional rights and failed to address the climate crisis. This 6-1 decision marked the first time a U.S. State Supreme Court affirmed young people's constitutional right to a clean and healthful environment in the context of climate change. The roots of the case trace back to August 2023, when district court judge Kathy Seeley ruled in favour of the plaintiffs, making Held v. Montana the first youth-led constitutional climate lawsuit in the U.S. to go to trial and secure a victory.
4.
There has been a marked improvement in the share of students continuing education into higher grades in 2024 compared to 2019, across India, without dropping out of school. Overall, of every 100 girls who started schooling, over 80 completed their secondary education without dropping out in 2024 compared to just 73.5 in 2019. Among boys, the corresponding numbers were 77.2 and 72.4 in 2024 and 2019 respectively, showing an increase, though to a lesser degree. However, despite this improvement at an all-India level, certain major States such as Karnataka and Rajasthan have recorded significant spikes in students dropping out of upper primary and secondary schools. In Bihar and Assam - States where the dropout rates were already concerning in 2019 the rates have slipped further in 2024.
5.
China unveiled a series of high technology platforms establishing its technological supremacy. These include two stealth fighter jets, the launch of an amphibious naval ship, and a new "comprehensive" scientific research ship for global deep-sea exploration. India has an ambitious plan lined up for the acquisition of over 500 fighter jets, a bulk of them to be indigenously designed and manufactured. However, these are at various stages of development and manufacturing and their timely deliveries are critical. An aero-engine is likely to remain the single major dependency and the country's Achilles heel for a very long time.
6.
The Indian Navy is set to commission three frontline platforms into service at the Naval Dockyard, Mumbai. These are the sixth and last Scorpene-class submarine, Vag- sheer; the fourth and last of the Project-15B stealth destroyers, Surat; and the lead ship of the Project-17A stealth frigates, Nilgiri. All three platforms had been manufactured at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd. (MDL), Mumbai. While the two ships are indigenously designed, the Scorpene-class submarines are manufactured in India under licence from Naval Group of France. Nilgiri, the lead ship of Project-17A, is a major advancement over the Shivalik-class frigates, incorporating significant stealth features and reduced radar signatures through state- of-the-art technology.
7.
The Union Home Ministry notified that chartered accountants filing audit returns on behalf of NGOs need to specify if the organisation violated provisions of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010 (FCRA) or not. The Act requires a CA to certify if an association or NGO has utilised foreign contribution received for the purposes it was registered for and the annual statements are to be uploaded on the FCRA portal. The Ministry said that CAs will have to mention the name, email ad- dress, and registration number of the auditor while issuing the audit certificate and specify if the NGO has "violated the provisions of FCRA, 2010 or rules made thereunder or notifications issued thereunder," with the details of the violations. The auditors will also have to specify if the NGO has not made any violation.
8.
The Union Ministry of Home Affairs and various State governments have roped in around 54,800 persons as volunteers against cyber-crime to flag unlawful content on the Internet, according to the Ministry's annual report for the year 2023-24. The Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) under the Ministry launched the programme in 2020 aiming to "bring together citizens with passion to serve the nation on a single platform and contribute in fight against cybercrime in the country." The report stated that 54,833 cyber volunteers have been enrolled, including 22,942 for reporting unlawful content, 22,071 awareness promoters and 9,819 experts.
9.
There will be a series of space-docking experiments before the Indian Space Research Organisation embarks on its Chandrayaan-4 mission to bring soil samples from the moon to earth, the ISRO has said. The C60 mission of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) placed two satellites, each weighing 220 kg, in orbit. They will rendezvous and dock with each other as part of the ISRO's first Space Docking Experiment (SpaDeX). For Chandrayaan-4, the ISRO will launch the mission's modules in two Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM-3) rockets.
10.
Excessive nitrates have been found in groundwater in 440 districts as of 2023, an increase from 359 such districts in 2017, a report by the Central Groundwater Board (CGWB) said. This is a health hazard, particularly for young children, and a source of environmental toxicity. The data suggest that about 56% of India's districts have excessive nitrates defined as more than 45 mg per litre in groundwater, largely due to the use of subsidised synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer, a key input for farming. Of the 15,239 groundwater samples collected from across the country for testing, 19.8% had nitrates or nitrogen compounds above the safe limits. Rajasthan, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu reported the highest nitrate contamination problem, with 49%, 48%, and 37%, respectively, of their tested samples reporting numbers beyond the safe limit.
11.
The total enrolment of students has dropped by over a crore in 2023-24 from that of the previous years, show the latest data released by the Education Ministry. A total of 24.8 crore students enrolled in the academic year 2023-24, the Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) report released by the Ministry said. Over the past four years, the enrolment number has hovered around 26 crore. Education officials have said in the report that the data show some real changes from the previous years as this exercise of maintaining a separate student base is unique and different and incomparable from that of 2021-22 or the previous years.
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