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INDIAN EXPRESS

1.

Rajasthan tables anti-conversion Bill: No bail for offences, jail term of up to 10 yrs

Citing conversion of "gullible persons" through coercion, allurement or fraud, the Rajasthan government tabled the Rajasthan Prohibition of Unlawful Conversion of Religion Bill in the Assembly with a maximum imprisonment of 10 years and all offences being cognizable and non-bailable. Those converting voluntarily will have to go through a seemingly exhaustive process which includes the district administration putting up their details on a notice board to invite objections. Once passed, Rajasthan will join 11 other states - Odisha, Arunachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Jharkhand, Haryana Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, UP and Madhya Pradesh - in having an anti-conversion law. 


2.

NOT WITHOUT EGG

The Maharashtra Government's decision to remove egg from its midday meal scheme a year after it was introduced, ostensibly for financial reasons, seems to place political imperatives over public-health prudence, especially since it comes on the heels of protests from right-wing groups against its inclusion. The state government had earlier allocated an annual budget of Rs 50 crore to provide eggs or bananas or a local fruit once a week to government school children to combat malnutrition. It later amended it to state that in schools where a sizeable number of parents protested against the inclusion of eggs, it would not be served. According to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS), child malnutrition remains a significant challenge in India, with data pointing to alarming levels of undernutrition, stunting, and wasting. NFHS-V (2019-21) reported that 35.5 per cent of children under the age of five in India were stunted (low height for age), while 19.3 per cent were wasted (low weight for height). In Maharashtra's Dhule and Chandrapur, districts in the bottom 10 across India in wasting, the numbers stood at 38.9 and 38.5 respectively. In Nandurbar to the north-west of the state, 57.2 per cent of children under the age of five were underweight, second only to Pashchimi Singhbhum in Jharkhand. 


3.

UN-AMERICAN

For the better part of the 20th century, and much of this one, an understanding underpinned the ephemeral "American dream" and helped the US become the superpower it is. The key components of this understanding are enshrined in the First Amendment to the US Constitution, which guarantees free speech, and the fact of the US being a "nation of immigrants". This was symbolised by the lines from "The New Colossus' inscribed on the Statue of Liberty: "Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free". Elon Musk and other entrepreneurs pointed to the need for such expertise to keep the US on the cutting edge of frontier technologies, while the anti-migrant nativist camp objected to "outsiders" taking the best US jobs. Trump appeared to realise that to "Make America Great Again" migrants will be needed and came out in support of the H-1B visa. Demonising and punishing foreign students-many of whom pay their way - for exercising their right to free speech threatens to make the US a less attractive destination.-


4.

Fentanyl: behind US tariffs on Mexico, China

While imposing tariffs on goods from China, Canada and Mexico, the United States government cited "the extraordinary threat posed by illegal aliens and drugs, including deadly fentanyl". For many years now, the US has raised concerns over the inflow of fentanyl, primarily targeting Mexico for sending it over the border, and China for producing its precursor chemicals. Fentanyl is an opioid, which is a class of drugs that "derive from, or mimic, natural substances found in the opium poppy plant", according to the Johns Hopkins Medicine institute. The US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) describes fentanyl as a "potent synthetic opioid drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use as an analgesic [for pain relief] and anesthetic. The US saw a spike in synthetic opioid-related deaths after 2013, largely due to the rapid proliferation of illicitly manufactured fentanyl. A US House Committee report from 2024 found that inexpensive fentanyl is increasingly cut into other drugs, often without buyers' knowledge. 


5.

Why scientists are monitoring asteroid with only 1% chance of hitting Earth

The newly discovered asteroid 2024 YR4 has a roughly 1% chance of crashing into Earth in 2032, NASA officials said last week. Paul Chodas, director of NASA's Center for Near Earth Object Studies, said, "We are not worried at all, because of this 99% chance it will miss [Earth]... But it deserves attention". 2024 YR4 was discovered in December last year by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) telescope in Chile. According to a rough estimate based on the asteroid's brightness, it is likely between 40 to 100 metres wide. The logic behind estimating an asteroid's size using this method is that larger an object, the brighter it appears. But since brightness also depends on how reflective an asteroid's surface is, this method is imprecise. Distinguishing a large, dark asteroid and a small, shiny one is challenging. Experts say that while 2024 YR4 is big, it is not as big as the asteroid that wiped out dinosaurs, and most other extant life some 66 million years ago. 


6.

WHO proposes budget cut after US exit, chief urges dialogue

World Health Organization member states will discuss cutting part of its budget by $400 million in light of President Donald Trump's move to withdraw the U.S., its biggest government fun-der, from the WHO, a document released showed. Opening the U.N. agency's annual executive board meeting, WHO Director General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus also defended the WHO's work and recent reforms and reiterated a call for Washington to reconsider its exit and enter into dialogue with the agency on further change. The executive board proposes cutting the base programmes section of the budget from a proposed $5.3 billion to $4.9 billion, according to a document released. That is part of the wider $7.5 billion budget for 2026-27 that was originally proposed, including money for polio eradication and tackling emergencies.


7.

'I-T, TDS relief could bump up bank deposits by up to 45K cr'

The Government expects income tax-related measures announced in the Union Budget 2025-26 to lead to additional bank deposits to the tune of Rs 40,000-45,000 crore, helping the banks to lend more, Financial Services Secretary M Nagaraju said Monday. The likely additional inflows, although not massive, are also expected to ease banking sec-tor liquidity to some extent. In the Budget, which was presented on Saturday, Finance Minister announced hikes in tax deducted at source (TDS) thresholds for senior citizens and others, apart from further sweetening the New Tax Regime (NTR) by way of a cut in tax rates and an increase in rebates. As per the income tax proposals announced in the Budget, while those with annual taxable income of up to Rs 12 lakh will have no tax liability, those with higher incomes will have savings of up to Rs 1.1 lakh on account of rate rationalisation under the NTR. On the TDS front, the Finance Minister announced that the threshold for TDS on interest income will be doubled to Rs 1 lakh for senior citizens, and hiked to Rs 50,000 from Rs 40,000 for other individuals. 


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