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News Highlights provides you with the best compilation of the Daily News Highlights taking place across the globe: National, International, Sports, Science and Technology, Banking, Economy, Agreement, Appointments, Ranks, and Report and General Studies
1.
The Bharatiya Janata Party government in Rajasthan introduced a Bill to prevent religious conversions carried out by force, fraud or inducement in the State Assembly during the budget session. The Prohibition of Unlawful Conversion of Religion Bill, 2025, has made a provision for imprisonment of up to 10 years and a fine of up to ₹50,000 for various offences. The State Cabinet had approved the draft of the Bill in November 2024.
2.
India has come a long way in its attempt to transition to cleaner forms of power in the past decade. This is partly reflected in the budgetary allocation to the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy between fiscal years 2015 (BE ₹1,535 crore) and 2025 (BE ₹32,626 crore). India attempted a major leap with the PM-KUSUM scheme in 2019, a year ahead of the COVID-19 disruptions, with an outlay of ₹34,422 crore. The scheme envisaged having off-grid solar irrigation pumps and grid-connected solar plants on fallow farmlands. While PM-KUSUM has received a tepid response, with less than half a gigawatt of installed capacity, the realisation that energy transition is both a desirable outcome and a requirement occurred during the COVID-19 years, when there were major supply chain disruptions to coal, oil and gas. This led to India pledging to produce half its energy requirements from renewables in about five years from now, at COP26 in 2021.
3.
Sagarmala, which, as on September 2024, had outlined 839 projects requiring an investment of ₹5.8 lakh crore by 2035. Of these, 241 projects, worth ₹1.22 lakh crore, have been completed, while 234 projects, valued at 1.8 lakh crore, are under implementation. Additionally, 364 projects, with an estimated investment of ₹2.78 lakh crore, are in various stages of development. Within Sagarmala, ₹2.91 lakh crore (over 50%) is allocated for port modernisation; ₹2.06 lakh crore (more than 35%) for port connectivity; 55.8 thousand crore (10%) for port-led industrialisation, the remaining 5% distributed between coastal community development, infrastructure for coastal shipping (not ship acquisition) and inland water transport. According to statistics by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, the cargo handled at major ports has only marginally increased from 1,071.76 million tons in 2016-17 to 1,249.99 million tons in 2020-21 - a cumulative growth of 14.26% or an annual increase of just 2.85%. In contrast, the number of vessels handled at these ports has actually declined by 5.93%, from 21,655 vessels in 2016-17 to 20,371 in 2020-21.
4.
The 2024 Budget had introduced Employment Linked Incentives (ELI) under the Prime Minister's five-scheme initiative, designed to create over four crore jobs over five years with a central outlay of ₹2 lakh crore. The Prime Minister's internship scheme saw significant traction in 2024, with 6.21 lakh applications for 1.27 lakh opportunities. India was the seventh most-affected country by climate change in 2019, having suffered an income loss of $159 billion in 2021, and according to the Reserve Bank of India, will face adaptation costs of nearly $1 trillion by 2030. The impact on agricultural and labour productivity and also livelihoods requires exponentially higher levels of funding for building rural and urban adaptation capabilities and the rejuvenation of local ecosystems to boost job creation. To meet the net-zero targets by 2070, the Government must create and incentivise jobs which are "climate-resilient" by maximising all "co-benefits" (IPCC). This could mean providing three to four state-subsidised e-rickshaws in about 6,00,000 villages to create about two million jobs (focused on women drivers), also improving last-mile mobility.
5.
The Ministry of Labour and Employment, in its year-end review report for 2024, stated that all States and Union Territories are expected to complete the process of harmonisation and pre-publication of draft rules for the new Labour Codes by March 31, 2025. In 2024, for the first time, mental health was acknowledged as an 'impactful driver' for individual and national development in the Economic Survey. The Survey also noted that, 10.6% of adults in India suffered from mental disorders, with the treatment gap ranging between 70% and 92% depending on the specific condition (National Mental Health Survey 2015-16). The World Health Organization, in its fact sheet on mental health at work, outlined several risks, including excessive workloads or rapid work pace, long unsocial and inflexible hours, unsafe or poor physical working conditions, job insecurity, inadequate pay, and conflicting home/work demands. These risks primarily impact blue-collar workers due to their demanding jobs, unsafe work environments, and a lack of adequate legislative and policy protections.
6.
Signing his first batch of executive orders following his return to the White House on January 20, 2025, Donald Trump announced the United States' withdrawal from the World Health Organization (WHO). Mr. Trump accused WHO of being biased to-wards China and mishandling the COVID-19 pandemic. Close to 45% of Americans agreed with Mr. Trump's assessment back in 2020, according to the Global Attitudes Survey conducted by the Pew Research Center. The share of people with a similar opinion in the U.K. was 10 points lower at 34% and even lower at 31% and 30% in Canada and Germany, respectively. In a 2024 survey by Pew, close to 40% of U.S. citizens said the country was benefiting “not at all" or “not too much” from being a member of the WHO compared to the 34% who said so in 2021.
7.
The gender budget of Delhi has witnessed a seven-fold increase from ₹10 billion in 2011-12 to 271 billion in 2024-25. The spending on women's education in the gender budget stood at ₹2 billion in 2011-12, which increased to ₹18 billion in 2024-25. This budget reached its peak in 2017-18 touching ₹24 billion. Since then, the budget allocated for women's education has steadily declined. For the last five years, the education budget has reported a negative growth, with exceptions for 2019-20 and 2023-24. Concerningly, there was a massive decline of 9% in the education budget in just the past one year. The decrease is not just in the share, but also in the amount allocated to education, indicating that cash transfers and freebies have become the focus of gender budgets. According to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS, 2023-24), compared to the national average of 45.2%, Delhi's female labour force participation stands at 21%, the lowest in India. While most people in Delhi hold regular salaried jobs according to PLFS (2023-24), most women are working as house helps or cleaners, and men as shopkeepers or salespeople.
8.
Union Minister Nitin Gadkari said that India will achieve its target of 20% ethanol blending of petrol in the next two months, at least a year ahead of what was originally planned. This would entail the production of nearly 1,100 crore litres of fuel ethanol in one year. The 1,100 crore litres of fuel ethanol will come from sugar and high-grade molasses, Food Corporation of India (FCI) rice, broken rice, and maize. India's ethanol distillery capacity has ramped up to 1,600 crore litres, driven by a range of government incentives and the promise of a stable, lucrative market.Sugar is expected to provide some 400 crore litres this ethanol year, according to Deepak Ballani, director general of Indian Sugar and Bio-energy Manufacturers Association. Sugar is expected to provide some 400 crore litres this ethanol year, according to Deepak Ballani, director general of Indian Sugar and Bio-energy Manufacturers Association. As the government had imposed curbs on allowing sugar and high-quality molasses for ethanol production, maize imports started ramping up in April 2024.
9.
A microphone is a type of transducer a device that converts energy in one form to another, in this case from sound to electrical. There are different microphones for use in specific contexts, varying in terms of how they collect sound energy and how they convert it to electric signals. Microphones in telephones and voice recorders are also called condenser microphones because they use capacitors to transduce audio signals ('condenser' is an old name for capacitors). A simple capacitor consists of two plates facing each other, separated in between by an air gap - or any suitable dielectric material - but connected on either side to a common circuit, including a power source.
10.
The Supreme Court made it clear to the Union government and States that no steps will be taken by them to reduce forest land unless compensatory land is provided by them for afforestation. "We will not allow you to reduce the forest area... You cannot use any forest land for linear projects. If you are using any area for these projects, the same amount of land must be given for compensatory afforestation," a Bench of Justices B.R. Gavai and K. Vinod Chandran addressed Additional Solicitor-General Aishwarya Bhati, appearing for the Centre. The court was hearing a clutch of petitions challenging amendments made in 2023 to the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. The 1980 statute was enacted to check further deforestation leading to ecological imbalance. However, the court had directed the government, for clarity's sake, to revert to the "dictionary meaning” of 'forest' as upheld in a 1996 Supreme Court decision in the TN Godavarman Thirumulpad case. The term 'forest' had been given a broad meaning by the court then to preserve these green expanses, irrespective of their nature, classification or ownership.
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